(10,1528) = 5.11, P Table 5 Overall tick burden and tick burden by categories of the temperature-humidity index (means ± standard errors) in four Colombian cattle breeds
Discussion
There’s a light level of studies in the literature toward tick load within the cows getting tropical places on the Americas. Very knowledge about this matter was basically done in subtropical regions like Southern Africa [8, 15], countries having extreme highest temperatures including Egypt and you may Pakistan , and lots of exotic places including Tanzania and you will Nigeria . Tick weight is commonly said using switched analysis, seksi tek Pakistan kadД±n that produces influence review having genuine tick burden difficult to understand. This study reveals the real tick burden and its own reference to heat stress indices when you look at the five Bos taurus types based in three some other geographical areas of Colombia (this new Caribbean, Andean and you will Orinoquia places). Tick load throughout these Colombian cattle breeds is less than you to definitely used in a test having fun with steers grazing about Meta company (Orinoquia part). On top of that, the average tick weight found in the five Colombian types when you look at the all of our check out (17.4 ± 24.6) is gloomier than simply you to observed in almost every other warm nations particularly the fresh B. indicus Meru crossbred within the Tanzania (37.5 ± 11.8) and lots of B. indicus cattle communities (White Fulani and you will Bunaji breeds and their crossbreds) for the Nigeria (twenty-two ± step one.4) . The different cows breeds, turf kinds, grazing management, herding system, weather conditions and environment aspects of clicks might give an explanation for higher tick weight used in these types of most other knowledge.
Tick delivery with the cows bodies
The new tick burden towards the rump and you can end away from SM (eight.dos ± twelve.2), ROMO (5.8 ± ten.2) and you will CCC (nine.cuatro ± fifteen.1) cows is actually higher than the fresh tick burden located on the rear ft, belly and you will flanks (1.0 ± 2.cuatro, 4.6 ± six.9 and you will seven.dos ± 11.step 1, respectively). These types of performance trust the individuals acquired of the into the Nguni cattle. Such article authors unearthed that the newest tick burden on end and you may perineum is greater than the newest tick burden on tummy regarding the year. A low tick burden into the BON, ROMO and you may CCC cattle was seen on lead and you can neck followed closely by the trunk and loin. Similarly, Asmaa ainsi que al. learned that a low amount of presses was basically noticed within the vision, shoulder and boobs. Presses favor undetectable and you can loving anatomical areas into the creature system . And that, a suitable environment for tick endurance is according to the tail and you can perineum, perhaps describing the newest high number of presses observed within these looks zones. At exactly the same time, the back ft, udder, tummy, fore and rear flank be more exposed to lawn, hence easily reached from the ticks. This is precisely why we seen a leading ratio of the total tick burden during these looks zones.
Different kinds of turf and you may paddocks in which these types of animals feed you will definitely trigger variations in tick weight by anatomical areas. This is certainly corroborated because of the similar part of tick burden from the anatomical zones observed towards the ROMO and CCC breeds, that have been found at a similar fresh station and was indeed provided with the exact same style of grass. However, the fresh new tick burden by the anatomical zone is extremely more within the BON and SM types, and that’s in part informed me because of the a special environment.
Sex, age and real time pounds
The higher tick weight observed in ladies will abide by the outcome out of Rehman ainsi que al. in the Pakistani cows, in which people had a substantially high tick weight than just males. As well, there clearly was increased incidence out-of tick infestation in women (58.7%) compared to men (41.5%) inside the Egyptian cattle . At the same time, zero extreme distinctions had been found to your infestation frequency out-of R. microplus anywhere between men and women inside Indian cows and you can North american country cows . On experimental station in which the cattle for the analysis was basically kept, bulls acquired preferential government since they had asleep symptoms before beginning of the next breeding year, and was in fact allocated within the paddocks with a lower stocking rate. Conversely, cattle have been constantly left in the highest stocking pricing. These requirements gotten because of the bulls throughout the particular months of one’s season you are going to establish the reason we located a lower tick burden from inside the guys compared to people in our investigation.